Cartwright created an entire game system, according to which each baseball team must consist of nine players. At the same time, there should be four so-called bases on the field, distant from each other at a distance of 90 feet (that’s 27.3 meters). On June 19, 1846, it was decided to hold the first official match between New York Nike and Knickerbocker to see the rules in action. “The New York Knicks defeated the Knickerbockers clean through.

After such an exciting sporting spectacle witnessed by the people of Hoboken, baseball clubs began to open in other cities in the United States. Then baseball mania spread to other countries.

In 1869, many teams already had “the best of the best” who were paid money to participate in games, and in 1876 the country matured to the creation of the National Baseball League. In 1901, the American Baseball League came into existence.

The difference between the two was only one thing – only professional baseball players were allowed to participate in the National League games, while only amateurs could participate in the American League games.

The first major baseball championship was held in 1938. It featured teams from the United States and Great Britain. The British took four games out of five and became single-digit winners of the series. Interestingly, after such a resounding victory, the British no longer participated in such competitions.

The popularity of baseball grew rapidly. In 1939, three teams took part in the World Cup, and in 1941 already nine. Initially, only teams from the United States and Latin American countries could participate in the various championships, but then the rule was changed, and European, Asian and Australian teams were able to take part.

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Bits – there are several types: wooden and bits made of various alloys. Bits differ in weight and diameter.

Traps – each player has his own trap with which he catches the ball during the game. Traps come in different shapes, depending on what position the player plays.

The most interesting equipment is the catcher’s. It consists of: kneepads, bib, helmet mask and a special “thick” trap. This ammunition protects him from accidental injuries. The traps are chosen depending on which hand the player throws the ball. For example, if a player throws the ball with his right hand, the trap is for his left hand.

Baseball, as noted by many experts and connoisseurs of this game, requires not only speed and strength, but also intelligence and wit. This game, although the team, but the outcome of the competition depends on the actions of individual players. The course of the fight can change dramatically because of a single pitch, a single intercepted ball or an unsuccessful swing of the bat. The eight players behind the pitcher and the eight players on the batter’s team waiting for their turn to pick up the bat are just the backdrop as the pitcher sends the ball at 150 kilometers per hour. The batter has only three-tenths of a second to decide whether to hit or miss the ball. In other words, although baseball requires concerted action, it is a game of individual action by two or three players.

Breaks between innings give a rest after the turbulent experiences, they are pleasant and calm. There is an established tradition known as the seventh inning warm-up, when fans get up from their seats and stretch, and the teams switch places at this time.

Umpiring a baseball game is no easier than umpiring a game, and maybe even harder. After all, only in baseball does the umpire have the right to take a break after controversial moments to check the rules, reflect a bit, and then announce his decision.

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Despite advances in information technology, it is difficult to trace the emergence of baseball from the beginning. The first illustrations date back to 1344 – they were published in a French manuscript. They depict priests playing something resembling baseball. But it is now believed that modern baseball is a derivative of the old English lapta, which gained popularity in Ireland and the countries of Great Britain.

In 1829, a publication called “A Boy’s Own Book” was published, and it is the first printed publication about baseball. The author of the rules of the game for a long time was considered to be Ebner Doubleday, a resident of Cooperstown. But this fact is disputed to this day. In 1845, Alexander Cartwright of New York developed his own set of rules, which were adopted by other clubs in the American city, and according to these rules the first game was held in June 1846. Professional team “Cincinnati Red Stockings” became the first in history, which paid its players money – it happened in 1869. In 1871, the first baseball league was created in the United States.

The men’s world championship has been held since 1938. Women’s path in baseball at the world championships began in 2004. 1986 was marked by the inclusion of baseball and softball (women’s variety) in the Olympic program, but in 2005, due to lack of popularity, these sports were excluded. Interestingly, in 2020 baseball became an Olympic discipline again.

Baseball rules in brief

The game involves two teams playing defense and offense in turn. It is necessary to score more points (runs) than the opponent. A point is scored when an offensive player runs all the bases. Playing baseball with a ball. At the start of the game, one team plays defense with a nine-man infield. The visitors start on offense, and to score points they must earn the right to run counterclockwise – the goal is to take the next base. Once a player reaches home base, the team scores a run. Before the run starts, the defensive player (pitcher) stands in the middle of the playing square, which is in the center of the bases on the slide. The offensive player hitting the ball with the bat (the batter) waits for the moment the ball is passed from the pitcher to another defensive player who is behind the batter and catches the ball (the catcher). If the catcher catches 3 balls from the pitcher – he will score 3 strikes, and then the teams will switch places. If the batter strikes the ball in the infield, he throws his bat and runs to first base. When he does not reach the base, and the ball is already caught in the field by other defensive players and delivered to the catcher, a strike is called.

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